Monday, June 8, 2009

Specialist Training Should Be Gutted.

The RVU payment hierarchy is clear. There is a discrepancy between the payment for cognitive vs procedural and surgical services. Many subspecialists like to use the argument that their training is longer and therefor their payment should be higher. 

And they are correct. They should get paid more for the longer training they experience. That's why I am proposing a change in their training that better reflects real world experience of what they have to offer me as a hospitalist (substitute internists or family medicine doc for hospitalist) or their patients.

I have yet to find a subspecialist that offers any great insight in the evaluation, diagnosis or treatment of medical conditions that exit their specialized organ of study. All medical subspecialists have always been internal medicine trained first. Whether the chosen field of expertise is cardiology, gastroenterology, allergy, infectious disease or nephrology, all of them have first completed residency in internal medicine.

The further pursuit of specialization can take anywhere from two to four additional years of training in a fellowship designed to make specialists experts in their organ of choice.

It is this specialization that has made internists turned subspecialists into subspecialists who have lost their ability to be internists. Is it possible that some medical based subspecialists can practice internal medicine? Yes, but I would guess the vast majority cannot nor would they have any desire to. They cannot because they are too far removed from the daily practice of subspecialty things to do what internists do. They don't want to because internal medicine is very complicated and involves little economic reward.

So I am here to suggest that we stop farting around by wasting everyone's time and money. Stop wasting billions of dollars of tax payer money every year. Stop wasting years of young doctors' time. I think it's time that subspecialists stop becoming internists first and go directly to their subspecialty training track, right out of medical school.

Instead of taking six years to become a gastroenterologist, (three years of internal medicine and three years of gastro) it would take just three. Cardiology? Three years. Why? Because we are all fooling ourselves if we believe that three extra years of internal medicine training adds any benefit for the vast majority of clinical patients who need specialized care. If you need a doctor to put it all together, you go to an internist. They are the ones that connect the dots. If you need a question answered about the heart, you ask for the opinion of a cardiologist. But the three years it takes for a cardiologist to learn how to manage diverticulitis is three years of wasted time and money that we just can't afford anymore.

One of my biggest pet peeves as a hospitalist is when I come to the chart the next day and find that one medical subspecialist has written a consult for another medical subspecialist. That fact that subspecialists believe only other subspecialists are capable of handling organ specific disease says to me that their understanding of the specialty of generalist medicine is gone. They have lost touch with reality. They can't understand how an internist would be capable of handling things they can't.

The same goes with the surgical subspecialties. There is no reason to train an orthopod to take out a gallbladder. If you're going to be an orthopod specializing in the hand, your entire existence should be learning about the hand. You are worthless to the general public, spending tax payer money in residency learning to replace hips if all you're going to do is carpal tunnel surgery.

I would like to believe that having a broad base of education for all physicians is helpful for patient care. But my experience with subspecialists says to me it just doesn't matter. Let's stop beating around the bush. All that extra education of generalist training that subspecialty medical and surgical subspecialists experience is a waste of everyone's time and money. Let's train them quicker. Get them out quicker. That way their argument for higher pay because of longer education disappears. Since they offer little in the way of anything outside their three year subspecialty training, we can pay them with reasonable parity.

And they can stop complaining that they deserve such a high premium for all their extended education. An education which comes at a great expense in direct tax payer training dollars and the perceived entitlement of higher reimbursement in clinical practice. A generalist education who's benefit disappears almost immediately once the cocoon of academia disappears and the first paycheck arrives from the practice of community based private practice.
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7 Outbursts:

  1. Interesting points. It seems there may be some value to at least doing a general intern year. As an anesthesiology resident, my medicine internship taught me useful skills of basic admissions, managing acute exacerbations of chronic disease, and how to properly communicate with consultants.

    From the perspective of having three weeks left of residency, however, I'm still skeptical that a field as focused as anesthesiology really needs THREE years of training after internship. Two would be sufficient for managing all but the more complex cardiac and general cases, like liver transplants.

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  2. Wow, I actually agree with you for once! :)

    Nothing makes a subspecialist a better doctor than you - just a different doctor - and they don't deserve more pay. I don't care how much education you have. If I had earned twelve other degrees before or since becoming an RN, the hospital sure wouldn't pay me more just because of my extra education or debt load.

    I know this is only semi-related, but I thought I'd throw it in anyway. Graduating from nursing school, my wife and I were pressured by instructors towards suffering through 2 years of med/surg floor nursing before going on to the specialty fields we were each interested in - OR and L&D. We were lucky to find a hospital that accepted both of us as new-grads directly into clinical training programs for our areas, but know others in our class who did't.

    We suspect they are simply doing their part for the nursing shortage - med/surg is one of the least desirable areas of nursing, so the more bodies they can get, the better.

    As it is, I've completely forgotten at least 1/3 of what I learned in school, which again is aimed primarily at traditional med/surg nursing. I haven't found myself once thinking that two years of core nursing would have done me any good. It doesn't apply the same way to a perioperative nurse.

    I had an additional 6 months of in-house training (while getting paid - I'm not complaining, but that's a big strain on the hospital) before being allowed to practice my license. Really, they could have cut at least that much out of nursing school and just made this another course. I could have avoided crap I didn't need, and been ready to work straight after taking the licensing exam...

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  3. Ohio OncologistJune 8, 2009 6:11 PM

    The only subspecialty field I know intimately is hem/onc and I would argue that every day I use my internal medicine training. Typically, once a patient is diagnosed with cancer I am their de facto PCP. I would be a far worse oncolgist if I did not have a great internal medicine base. Instead of getting rid of internal medicine, I would argue the better decision is to get rid of undergrad or severely truncate (1-2 years only) it. This change would not only save on time, it would also save on indebtedness far more than truncating subspecialty training.
    Ff you want to have a liberal arts experience (as I did majoring in English and traveling to Europe) then it should be on the person's own dime and not embedded into the cost of "medical" education.

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  4. What about me, dude. I take care of all my post op patients. I write TPN, keep blood sugars in line, work up acute dyspnea, etc etc. Am I a mere subspecialist?

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  5. Transitional Internship + Anesthesia when it was only 2 years (They didn't have as many gases back then). But on the other hand, I did an extra year of Med School so it all equals out...
    Education's overrated

    Frank, M.D.

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  6. while not skip college while we are at it?
    who is going to do all the crap for the teaching hospitals if you gut the i.m programs?

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  7. what they do in spain for example?, Internal medicine last for 5 years. Gastro last 4 years 1y internal medicine, the other 3 of gastro, so does cardio, so does peumo and everyother speciality around, so all specialist gets payed equaly. except for surgeons that are payed a little bit more.

    would like to believe that having a broad base of education for all physicians is helpful for patient care.

    the ideal thing, but most of spcecialist skip everything outside, their speciality, even if they do internal medicine but i guess it depends on every individual.

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